{"id":8665,"date":"2026-09-15T19:57:40","date_gmt":"2026-09-15T12:57:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/?post_type=product&#038;p=8665"},"modified":"2026-09-16T11:10:19","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T04:10:19","slug":"quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/tai-lieu\/quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU \u2013 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (File DOCX)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\ud83d\udcd8 QU\u1ea2N TR\u1eca H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG LINUX VNU \u2013 \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N TR\u1eaeC NGHI\u1ec6M \u0110\u1ea0I H\u1eccC QU\u1ed0C GIA H\u00c0 N\u1ed8I<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc41 XEM TR\u01af\u1edaC 20\u201330% N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 20\u201330% n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 66 trang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea3i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ea1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i dung th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udce5 NH\u1eacN FILE DOCX \u0110\u1ea6Y \u0110\u1ee6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sau khi thanh to\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i file DOCX \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 66 trang v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u00f4n thi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udcb3 THANH TO\u00c1N QUA VNPAY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Thanh to\u00e1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n qua VNPAY. Sau khi giao d\u1ecbch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udfaf \u00d4N \u0110\u00daNG TR\u1eccNG T\u00c2M \u2013 TRA C\u1ee8U NHANH \u2013 TI\u1ebeT KI\u1ec6M TH\u1edcI GIAN<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i g\u1ed3m 66 trang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 sinh vi\u00ean luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp, \u00f4n thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc27 Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux, shell, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p, quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m, ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, systemd, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd g\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p, m\u1ea1ng, SSH, l\u1ecbch t\u00e1c v\u1ee5, log, sao l\u01b0u, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ed9i dung h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sao l\u01b0u v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ed3m 66 trang, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc chia nh\u1ecf theo t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c thi k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2705 T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U H\u1ed6 TR\u1ee2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m theo t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kernel v\u00e0 shell.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh Linux c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c Linux.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 file v\u00e0 directory.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp chmod, chown v\u00e0 chgrp.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 user v\u00e0 group.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n root v\u00e0 sudo.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 signal.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 foreground v\u00e0 background process.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp systemd.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 service.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 boot process.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd package.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 repository.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 partition v\u00e0 filesystem.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp mount v\u00e0 unmount.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 swap.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 LVM \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng quan.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 networking.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 routing.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp DNS.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 SSH.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 remote administration.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp firewall \u1edf m\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 cron v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch t\u00e1c v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 log h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp journalctl.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 backup.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 n\u00e9n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t CPU, RAM v\u00e0 disk.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 troubleshooting.<\/li>\n<li>R\u00e8n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp, \u00f4n thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udcc4 FILE DOCX 66 TRANG THU\u1eacN TI\u1ec6N S\u1eec D\u1ee4NG<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng DOCX g\u1ed3m 66 trang, thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ea3i v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nhanh t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<li>Tra c\u1ee9u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>Tra c\u1ee9u l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Linux.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng Microsoft Word ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 DOCX.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sai.<\/li>\n<li>Chia n\u1ed9i dung th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>Ghi ch\u00fa nh\u1eefng l\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n xem l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4n t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n khi c\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udf93 T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U PH\u00d9 H\u1ee2P V\u1edaI:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111ang h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh M\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1eefa k\u1ef3.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb thi k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp, \u00f4n thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0e T\u1eea KH\u00d3A LI\u00caN QUAN:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>VNU<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/li>\n<li>\u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/li>\n<li>\u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/li>\n<li>tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/li>\n<li>\u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/li>\n<li>tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<li>\u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<li>\u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<li>tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<li>\u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<li>tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udcd8 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (File DOCX 66 trang).<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Linux v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp, \u00f4n thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc41 Xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 20\u201330% n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcb3 Thanh to\u00e1n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n qua VNPAY.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udce5 Nh\u1eadn file DOCX \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 sau khi thanh to\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":8481,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"product_brand":[314],"product_cat":[24,46,50,134],"product_tag":[5431,6242,6232,6243,6233,6244,6234,6245,6235,6246,6236,6247,6237,6238,6239,6240,4642,6241],"class_list":["post-8665","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_brand-docx247-com","product_cat-ky-thuat-cong-nghe","product_cat-de-cuong-on-tap-de-thi","product_cat-dap-an-trac-nghiem","product_cat-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-mon-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu","product_tag-dap-an-mon-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu-dap-an","product_tag-dap-an-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-mon-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu","product_tag-trac-nghiem-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-dap-an-mon-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu","product_tag-dap-an-trac-nghiem-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-dap-an-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu","product_tag-trac-nghiem-mon-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-trac-nghiem-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu","product_tag-dap-an-trac-nghiem-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu","product_tag-trac-nghiem-mon-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-vnu","product_tag-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi","product_tag-vnu","product_tag-quan-tri-he-thong-linux-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-ha-noi-dap-an","first","instock","downloadable","virtual","purchasable","product-type-simple"],"acf":{"document_info":{"filetype":"docx","page_count":"66","other_info":[{"title":"Lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u","description":"\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m"},{"title":"D\u00e0nh cho","description":"Sinh vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (VNU)"},{"title":"M\u00e3 h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n","description":"[L\u1ea4Y M\u00c3 H\u1eccC PH\u1ea6N TH\u1ef0C T\u1ebe]"},{"title":"S\u1ed1 t\u00edn ch\u1ec9","description":"[L\u1ea4Y S\u1ed0 T\u00cdN CH\u1ec8 TH\u1ef0C T\u1ebe]"},{"title":"\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u","description":"DOCX"},{"title":"S\u1ed1 trang","description":"66 trang"},{"title":"Xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc","description":"Kho\u1ea3ng 20\u201330% n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u"},{"title":"Thanh to\u00e1n","description":"VNPAY"},{"title":"Ngu\u1ed3n","description":"DOCX247.COM"}]},"document_demo":8666,"additional_content":"<h2>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU \u2013 N\u1ed9i dung tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m<\/h2>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU g\u1ed3m 66 trang, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 sinh vi\u00ean luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp, \u00f4n thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Linux<\/h3>\n<p>Linux l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Unix-like, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xung quanh Linux kernel v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Linux Kernel<\/h3>\n<p>Kernel ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CPU.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<li>Giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. Linux Distribution<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kernel.<\/li>\n<li>Package Manager.<\/li>\n<li>Shell.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ubuntu.<\/li>\n<li>Debian.<\/li>\n<li>Fedora.<\/li>\n<li>Red Hat Enterprise Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Rocky Linux.<\/li>\n<li>AlmaLinux.<\/li>\n<li>openSUSE.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd g\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Shell trong Linux<\/h3>\n<p>Shell l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng qua:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li>Script.<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li>Pipeline.<\/li>\n<li>Redirection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6. Bash<\/h3>\n<p>Bash l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t shell ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean Linux v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Th\u1ef1c thi l\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li>V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p.<\/li>\n<li>Shell Script.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>7. Terminal v\u00e0 Shell<\/h3>\n<p>Terminal:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb l\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Shell:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi l\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n<h3>8. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p Linux<\/h3>\n<p>Linux t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb:<\/p>\n<p>\/<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 filesystem c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u00e2y th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h3>9. Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \/etc<\/h3>\n<p>\/etc th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>File c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>10. Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \/home<\/h3>\n<p>\/home th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p>\/home\/user<\/p>\n<h3>11. Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \/var<\/h3>\n<p>\/var th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Log.<\/li>\n<li>Cache.<\/li>\n<li>Spool.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>12. Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \/tmp<\/h3>\n<p>\/tmp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch x\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h3>13. Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \/dev<\/h3>\n<p>\/dev ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1ea3o.<\/li>\n<li>Interface thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>14. Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \/proc<\/h3>\n<p>\/proc l\u00e0 filesystem \u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kernel.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>15. Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \/sys<\/h3>\n<p>\/sys cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n filesystem li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kernel.<\/li>\n<li>Device Model.<\/li>\n<li>Driver.<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>16. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb `\/`.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>17. L\u1ec7nh pwd<\/h3>\n<p>`pwd` gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h3>18. L\u1ec7nh ls<\/h3>\n<p>`ls` \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea n\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>File \u1ea9n.<\/li>\n<li>Quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu.<\/li>\n<li>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1eddi gian s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>19. L\u1ec7nh cd<\/h3>\n<p>`cd` \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>`.` th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>`..` th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c cha.<\/li>\n<li>`~` th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>20. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd file v\u00e0 directory<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>`touch`<\/li>\n<li>`mkdir`<\/li>\n<li>`cp`<\/li>\n<li>`mv`<\/li>\n<li>`rm`<\/li>\n<li>`rmdir`<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u1ea7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh x\u00f3a v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h3>21. Xem n\u1ed9i dung file<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>`cat`<\/li>\n<li>`less`<\/li>\n<li>`more`<\/li>\n<li>`head`<\/li>\n<li>`tail`<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>t\u00f9y m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n<h3>22. T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm file<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>`find`<\/li>\n<li>`locate`<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f9y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h3>23. T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm n\u1ed9i dung b\u1eb1ng grep<\/h3>\n<p>`grep` h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ecm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chu\u1ed7i k\u00fd t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n<li>Pattern.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ed9i dung trong file.<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb pipeline.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>24. Redirection<\/h3>\n<p>Shell h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Standard Input.<\/li>\n<li>Standard Output.<\/li>\n<li>Standard Error.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c to\u00e1n t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>`&gt;`<\/li>\n<li>`&gt;&gt;`<\/li>\n<li>`&lt;`<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>25. Pipeline<\/h3>\n<p>K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u `|` gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n<p>Pipeline cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h3>26. Wildcard<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>`*`<\/li>\n<li>`?`<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c d\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp k\u00fd t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ch\u00fang h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u file theo m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<h3>27. Link trong Linux<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hard Link.<\/li>\n<li>Symbolic Link.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hai lo\u1ea1i link c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 inode v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tham chi\u1ebfu file.<\/p>\n<h3>28. Quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp file<\/h3>\n<p>Linux th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Read.<\/li>\n<li>Write.<\/li>\n<li>Execute.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>cho:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>User.<\/li>\n<li>Group.<\/li>\n<li>Others.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>29. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n quy\u1ec1n rwx<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>`r` = read.<\/li>\n<li>`w` = write.<\/li>\n<li>`x` = execute.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a file v\u00e0 directory c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>30. L\u1ec7nh chmod<\/h3>\n<p>`chmod` \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Symbolic Mode.<\/li>\n<li>Numeric Mode.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>31. Quy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1<\/h3>\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Read = 4.<\/li>\n<li>Write = 2.<\/li>\n<li>Execute = 1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n<h3>32. L\u1ec7nh chown<\/h3>\n<p>`chown` \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu file ho\u1eb7c directory khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>33. L\u1ec7nh chgrp<\/h3>\n<p>`chgrp` gi\u00fap thay \u0111\u1ed5i group s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a file ho\u1eb7c directory.<\/p>\n<h3>34. umask<\/h3>\n<p>`umask` \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a file v\u00e0 directory m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<h3>35. Special Permissions<\/h3>\n<p>Linux c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SUID.<\/li>\n<li>SGID.<\/li>\n<li>Sticky Bit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>36. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li>File c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>37. File \/etc\/passwd<\/h3>\n<p>File n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Username.<\/li>\n<li>UID.<\/li>\n<li>GID.<\/li>\n<li>Home Directory.<\/li>\n<li>Login Shell.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>38. File \/etc\/shadow<\/h3>\n<p>\/etc\/shadow th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tu\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3>39. File \/etc\/group<\/h3>\n<p>File n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c group tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h3>40. useradd v\u00e0 usermod<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ea1o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh group.<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp home directory.<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp shell.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>41. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd group<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd group c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ea1o group.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00eam user.<\/li>\n<li>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i membership.<\/li>\n<li>X\u00f3a group khi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>42. T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n root<\/h3>\n<p>Root l\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb cao nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng root c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u1ed7i thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<h3>43. sudo<\/h3>\n<p>`sudo` cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb theo ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00fang quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<h3>44. Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh Linux<\/h3>\n<p>Process l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PID.<\/li>\n<li>User.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh cha.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>45. ps v\u00e0 top<\/h3>\n<p>`ps` gi\u00fap xem th\u00f4ng tin ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>`top` gi\u00fap theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CPU.<\/li>\n<li>RAM.<\/li>\n<li>Load.<\/li>\n<li>Process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>46. Foreground v\u00e0 Background Process<\/h3>\n<p>Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Foreground.<\/li>\n<li>Background.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Shell h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd job b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>47. Signal<\/h3>\n<p>Signal \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i signal v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h3>48. kill v\u00e0 killall<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi signal t\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u bu\u1ed9c d\u1eebng m\u1ea1nh ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft th\u00fac an to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>49. systemd<\/h3>\n<p>systemd l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h3>50. systemctl<\/h3>\n<p>`systemctl` c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Start service.<\/li>\n<li>Stop service.<\/li>\n<li>Restart service.<\/li>\n<li>Enable service.<\/li>\n<li>Disable service.<\/li>\n<li>Xem tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i service.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>51. Boot Process<\/h3>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng Linux c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Firmware.<\/li>\n<li>Bootloader.<\/li>\n<li>Kernel.<\/li>\n<li>Init System.<\/li>\n<li>Service.<\/li>\n<li>Login Environment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 distribution.<\/p>\n<h3>52. GRUB<\/h3>\n<p>GRUB l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bootloader ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u1ea1p kernel.<\/li>\n<li>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb menu boot.<\/li>\n<li>Cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>53. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd package<\/h3>\n<p>T\u00f9y distribution c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>APT.<\/li>\n<li>DNF.<\/li>\n<li>YUM.<\/li>\n<li>RPM.<\/li>\n<li>DPKG.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h3>54. Repository<\/h3>\n<p>Repository l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Package.<\/li>\n<li>Metadata.<\/li>\n<li>Dependency Information.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Package Manager c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng repository \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<h3>55. Partition<\/h3>\n<p>\u1ed4 \u0111\u0129a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e0i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o filesystem.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>56. Filesystem<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c filesystem Linux c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ext4.<\/li>\n<li>XFS.<\/li>\n<li>Btrfs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h3>57. Mount v\u00e0 umount<\/h3>\n<p>Filesystem c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mount v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m trong c\u00e2y th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>`umount` \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1o filesystem m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>58. File \/etc\/fstab<\/h3>\n<p>`\/etc\/fstab` th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c filesystem c\u1ea7n mount theo c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<h3>59. Swap<\/h3>\n<p>Swap c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u1ea3o khi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p>Swap kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf cho RAM v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<h3>60. Logical Volume Manager<\/h3>\n<p>LVM h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef linh ho\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Physical Volume.<\/li>\n<li>Volume Group.<\/li>\n<li>Logical Volume.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>61. Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng Linux<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Network Interface.<\/li>\n<li>IP Address.<\/li>\n<li>Subnet.<\/li>\n<li>Gateway.<\/li>\n<li>Routing.<\/li>\n<li>DNS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>62. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 xem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/li>\n<li>Interface.<\/li>\n<li>Route.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00ean l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c distribution.<\/p>\n<h3>63. DNS<\/h3>\n<p>DNS gi\u00fap \u00e1nh x\u1ea1:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Domain Name.<\/li>\n<li>IP Address.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DNS sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n d\u00f9 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i IP v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h3>64. SSH<\/h3>\n<p>SSH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00e1y Linux t\u1eeb xa th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f3a SSH.<\/li>\n<li>Quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>65. Log, sao l\u01b0u v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theo d\u00f5i log.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li>Theo d\u00f5i CPU v\u00e0 RAM.<\/li>\n<li>Sao l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>`journalctl`<\/li>\n<li>`df`<\/li>\n<li>`du`<\/li>\n<li>`free`<\/li>\n<li>`uptime`<\/li>\n<li>`top`<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>66. K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m b\u00e0i tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux<\/h3>\n<p>Khi l\u00e0m b\u00e0i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t file v\u00e0 directory.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t user, group v\u00e0 others.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1eafm ch\u1eafc quy\u1ec1n rwx.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t chmod, chown v\u00e0 chgrp.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t process v\u00e0 service.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1eafm vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a systemd v\u00e0 systemctl.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t mount point, partition v\u00e0 filesystem.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fa \u00fd s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c distribution.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, gateway v\u00e0 DNS.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n root.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch \u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/h2>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: H\u1ecdc theo nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>File v\u00e0 directory.<\/li>\n<li>User v\u00e0 permission.<\/li>\n<li>Process v\u00e0 service.<\/li>\n<li>Package.<\/li>\n<li>Disk v\u00e0 filesystem.<\/li>\n<li>Network.<\/li>\n<li>Log v\u00e0 backup.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh song song v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/h3>\n<p>V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i l\u1ec7nh n\u00ean n\u1eafm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro thao t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: H\u1ecdc h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h3>\n<p>N\u00ean ghi nh\u1edb vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\/<\/li>\n<li>\/etc<\/li>\n<li>\/home<\/li>\n<li>\/var<\/li>\n<li>\/tmp<\/li>\n<li>\/dev<\/li>\n<li>\/proc<\/li>\n<li>\/sys<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: H\u1ecdc quy\u1ec1n Linux b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3ng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>User.<\/li>\n<li>Group.<\/li>\n<li>Others.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>v\u1edbi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Read.<\/li>\n<li>Write.<\/li>\n<li>Execute.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00f3 luy\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa d\u1ea1ng rwx v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: H\u1ecdc user v\u00e0 group b\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ea1o user m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00eam user v\u00e0o group.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed5i owner c\u1ee7a file.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecdc cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m.<\/li>\n<li>Cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng sudo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 6: H\u1ecdc process v\u00e0 service ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>Process:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Service:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 7: H\u1ecdc disk theo chu\u1ed7i<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Disk.<\/li>\n<li>Partition.<\/li>\n<li>Filesystem.<\/li>\n<li>Mount.<\/li>\n<li>Directory.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng LVM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Physical Volume.<\/li>\n<li>Volume Group.<\/li>\n<li>Logical Volume.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 8: H\u1ecdc networking b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/h3>\n<p>C\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Interface.<\/li>\n<li>IP.<\/li>\n<li>Subnet.<\/li>\n<li>Gateway.<\/li>\n<li>Route.<\/li>\n<li>DNS.<\/li>\n<li>SSH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 9: T\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xem \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n<\/h3>\n<p>V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i c\u00e2u:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1.<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n sai r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 10: K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Slide b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Man Page.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a distribution \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y \u1ea3o.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u do gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 tra c\u1ee9u, kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf ngu\u1ed3n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<h2>Xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/h2>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 20\u201330% n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 66 trang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea3i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1ea1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i dung th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>File preview \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tool t\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<p>quan-tri-he-thong-linux-VNU-preview.docx<\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/h2>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 20\u201330% n\u1ed9i dung.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea3i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>Thanh to\u00e1n qua VNPAY.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn giao d\u1ecbch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i file DOCX \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 66 trang.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\ud83d\udce5 Sau khi thanh to\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc49 NH\u1ea4N \u201cT\u1ea2I XU\u1ed0NG NGAY\u201d \u0110\u1ec2 NH\u1eacN FILE \u0110\u1ea6Y \u0110\u1ee6.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/h2>\n<p>\u2705 File DOCX 66 trang thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 Luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u00d4n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 filesystem.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n rwx.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u00d4n t\u1eadp chmod, chown v\u00e0 chgrp.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 user v\u00e0 group.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 sudo v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u00d4n t\u1eadp process v\u00e0 signal.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 systemd v\u00e0 service.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd package.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u00d4n t\u1eadp partition, filesystem v\u00e0 mount.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 LVM \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng quan.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 networking v\u00e0 DNS.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u00d4n t\u1eadp SSH v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 log, backup v\u00e0 monitoring.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 R\u00e8n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Linux.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>\u2705 H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp, \u00f4n thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ai?<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh M\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Linux.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1eefa k\u1ef3.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh vi\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb thi k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp, \u00f4n thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>L\u01b0u \u00fd khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u00f4n thi.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc n\u00ean t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xem \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, Man Page v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u do gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n. C\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, service, m\u1ea1ng, filesystem v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean m\u00e1y Linux ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00ean file c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, package manager, l\u1ec7nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed log v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Debian, Ubuntu, Red Hat, Fedora, Rocky Linux v\u00e0 c\u00e1c distribution kh\u00e1c. V\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u1ea7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ec7nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai. Khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1y, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y \u1ea3o khi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n root n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ed9i dung t\u1ed5ng quan trong b\u00e0i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU<\/h2>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux VNU \u2013 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (File DOCX 66 trang) l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 sinh vi\u00ean luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4n t\u1eadp, \u00f4n thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e0 so\u00e1t c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Linux, shell, l\u1ec7nh d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh, filesystem, quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp, user v\u00e0 group, process, service, systemd, package management, disk, partition, filesystem, LVM, networking, DNS, SSH, log, backup v\u00e0 monitoring.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 ghi nh\u1edb l\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc41 Xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 20\u201330% n\u1ed9i dung.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcb3 Thanh to\u00e1n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n qua VNPAY.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udce5 Nh\u1eadn file DOCX \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 66 trang sau khi thanh to\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/8665","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8665"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8481"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=8665"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=8665"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docx247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=8665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}